Mendel conducted an experiment to study the segregation and transmission of 2 pairs of contrasting traits at a time.

Mendels experiment f1 generation. This diagram shows mendels first experiment with pea plants. In cross pollinating plants that either produce yellow or green pea seeds exclusively mendel found that the first offspring generation f1 always has yellow seeds. But in the f2 generation 4 types of combinations were observed.

This cross only examined one trait however many more traits can be observed at once. The organisms that are used as the original mating in an experiment are called the parental generation and are marked by p in science textbooks. When two individuals having same genotype are crossed are called selfing or self pollination.

However he also found that while about three fourths of the plants in the f2 generation has round seeds about one fourth of these plants had wrinkled seeds. The parent plants in the experiments are referred to as the p for parent generation. This type of experiment is known as a monohybrid cross.

The f1 generation results from cross pollination of two parent p plants and contained all purple flowers. Mendel planted f1 seeds and cultivated the plants and allowed them to self pollinate producing a second generation or f2. An individual that are heterozygous for one character.

The f1 generation results from cross pollination of two parent p plants and contained all purple flowers. Traits are inherited independently. Clearly the wrinkled trait had somehow hidden in the f1 generation and re emerged in the f2 generation.

This seemed to suggest that the wrinkled trait had been obliterated by the round trait. This 31 ratio occurs in later generations as well. The offspring produced in the f1 generation of mendels experiment were this.

However the following generation f2 consistently has a 31 ratio of yellow to green. Mendel crossed pure lines of pea plants. Modern scientists now describe the cross of mendels f1 generation as a monohybrid cross.

Crossing two true breeding homozygous dominant and recessive parents differing in two characters produces this type of individual in the f1 generation which are heterozygous for both characters. However recessive traits reappeared in second generation f2 pea plants in a ratio of 31 dominant to recessive. This diagram shows mendels first experiment with pea plants.

Mendel found that in the f1 generation only round and yellow seeds are produced after crossing between round yellow and wrinkled green seeds. In one experiment mendel cross pollinated smooth yellow pea plants with wrinkly green peas. Self pollination of f1 plants.

Dominant traits like purple flower colour appeared in the first generation hybrids f1 whereas recessive traits like white flower colour were masked.